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Related Concept Videos

Blood Transfusion01:15

Blood Transfusion

Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
Blood Transfusion Overview
A blood transfusion is a medical procedure used to replace blood lost due to injury, surgery, or to treat conditions such as anemia or cancer. During a transfusion, donor blood is...
The ABO Blood Group01:12

The ABO Blood Group

The ABO blood group system is a critical element of transfusion medicine, essential for determining blood compatibility in transfusions and organ transplants. It is based on specific antigens, or agglutinogens, present on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) and corresponding antibodies, or agglutinins, in the blood plasma.
Antigens in the ABO Blood Group System
Antigens are substances that can trigger an immune response, leading to the production of antibodies. In the ABO blood group system,...
Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
Blood Typing01:10

Blood Typing

Understanding an individual's blood group is a critical component of transfusion medicine. It ensures compatibility in blood transfusions, organ transplants, and even during pregnancy. Determining these blood groups involves the ABO and Rh blood typing systems, utilizing specific antigens and corresponding anti-sera to identify an individual's blood type.
Antigens are protein molecules that reside on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). The ABO and Rh blood typing systems target antigens A,...
Blood Studies I: ABG and VBG01:26

Blood Studies I: ABG and VBG

Blood studies are critical in the medical field, enabling healthcare professionals to assess a patient's health status accurately. This page will focus on two significant blood studies: Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) and Venous Blood Gas (VBG).
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG)
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) studies are crucial for assessing the lungs' ability to supply oxygen and remove carbon dioxide, reflecting the patient's ventilation status. They also help understand the kidneys' capacity to reabsorb or...
Blood Types02:20

Blood Types

Human blood is classified into different types based on the presence of antigens on the red blood cell's surface and antibodies in the plasma. Proper identification of blood type is essential for successful blood transfusion. The International Society of Blood Transfusion has identified 38 human blood types based on the surface antigens on the red blood cells. The most common types are ABO, Rh, and MNS blood types.
ABO blood group
ABO antigens are glycoproteins encoded by genes present on...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
07:20

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies

Published on: January 28, 2014

AABB survey on directed blood donation practices.

Nabiha H Saifee1, Emily Coberly2, Brian D Adkins3

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Seattle Children's and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Transfusion
|June 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Directed blood donation (DBD) practices vary widely due to a lack of standardized guidance. This variability may pose risks to patients, highlighting the need for defined exclusion criteria and education on DBD risks.

Keywords:
blood component transfusionblood donorsblood transfusiondirected blood donationdirected donation

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Area of Science:

  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Blood Banking Practices
  • Patient Safety

Background:

  • Standardized guidance for directed blood donation (DBD) collection is currently lacking.
  • Practices for DBD collection in the United States and Canada exhibit significant variability.
  • This study aimed to assess current DBD collection practices across laboratory, clinical, and financial aspects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate institutional demographics, policies, and indications for DBD collection.
  • To assess medical oversight and financial responsibility associated with DBD collection.
  • To identify areas for standardization and improvement in DBD procedures.

Main Methods:

  • An electronic survey was distributed to blood collection centers and hospitals in the US and Canada.
  • The survey evaluated institutional policies, indications, medical oversight, and financial aspects of DBD collection.
  • Data were collected on demographics, safety practices, and charging policies.

Main Results:

  • Red blood cells were the most common DBD product collected.
  • Many centers accommodated non-medical requests and lacked required Transfusion Medicine review (48%).
  • Safety practices varied, with only 60% verifying ABO suitability and 57% lacking additional exclusion criteria for high-risk donors. Many reported unit wastage (59%).

Conclusions:

  • Heterogeneous DBD practices underscore the absence of standard policies and may increase patient risk.
  • Key considerations for standardizing DBD requests include defined exclusion criteria for high-risk donor-recipient pairs.
  • Education on DBD risks and implementation of robust safety checks are crucial for patient safety.