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Preference for Supplementary Voluntary Health Insurance and Heterogeneity in China: A Discrete Choice Experiment
Xu Lizheng1,2,3, Si Lei4,5,6, Li Shunping7,8,9,10
1School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Health Policy and Planning
|June 29, 2026
Summary
Understanding health insurance preferences is key for better schemes. The reimbursement rate is most valued, with higher WTP among informed, aware, and urban individuals.
Area of Science:
- Health Economics
- Public Health Policy
- Behavioral Economics
Background:
- Optimizing health insurance design and enrollment rates requires understanding population preferences.
- Supplementary voluntary health insurance (SVHI) is crucial for comprehensive coverage.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantitatively investigate preferences for SVHI in China.
- To examine the heterogeneity of these preferences based on various characteristics.
Main Methods:
- A discrete choice experiment was conducted across three Chinese provinces.
- Mixed logit models were used to analyze data from 1254 respondents.
- Key attributes included premium, benefit package, deductible, reimbursement rate, and pre-existing conditions coverage.
Main Results:
- The reimbursement rate (34.26%) and premium (25.06%) were the most important SVHI attributes.
- Respondents showed the highest willingness-to-pay (WTP) for improved reimbursement rates.
- Preference heterogeneity was significant, with risk awareness, knowledge, numeracy, income, and education influencing choices.
Conclusions:
- Targeted communication and education campaigns are needed to promote SVHI uptake.
- Diverse insurance designs are recommended to cater to socioeconomic differences in preferences.
- Understanding attribute importance and WTP is vital for effective SVHI policy.
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