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Exploring how interprofessional forces shape population-health competencies for clinical pharmacy trainees.
Dixon Thomas1, Muhammad Al-Shorbagy1, Mahir Jallo2,3
1College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
Frontiers in Pharmacology
|June 29, 2026
Summary
Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) students develop population-health competencies through interprofessional clinical training. Learning is shaped by driving forces like collaboration and restrained by barriers such as limited knowledge, impacting future pharmacy education models.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacy Education
- Population Health
- Interprofessional Practice
Background:
- Interprofessional clinical training is crucial for pharmacy graduates to manage patient and population health.
- The development of population-health competencies in Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) students during clinical training is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the learning frame and influencing forces (driving and restraining) on population-health competence development in final-year PharmD students.
- To understand how clinical environments shape population-health competence acquisition in pharmacy trainees.
Main Methods:
- Qualitative research using semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals and PharmD students.
- Thematic analysis of interview data using ATLAS.ti software to identify key themes related to learning and competence development.
Main Results:
- Students learn population-health competence through iterative reasoning between population and patient perspectives.
- Key driving forces include knowledge, collaboration, and trustworthiness; restraining forces involve limited knowledge, involvement, and conflicting information.
- Interprofessional clinical environments present both opportunities and challenges for developing these competencies.
Conclusions:
- Population-health competence in PharmD trainees emerges from dynamic interprofessional interactions.
- Supportive team processes enhance learning, while barriers like structural and relational issues hinder development.
- Improving interprofessional integration and addressing barriers are vital for future pharmacy training models.
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