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Sample Preparation for Analysis: Advanced Techniques

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Operation of a 25 KWth Calcium Looping Pilot-plant with High Oxygen Concentrations in the Calciner

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Numerical Simulation of Biochar Substitution for Sintering Process Combining Coarse Particle Size and Selective

Zecheng Wang¹, Jin Cai¹, Xiangwei Kong²

¹School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114000, China.

|June 29, 2026

Summary

This study improves iron ore sintering quality and reduces costs by using coarse biochar particles and selective oxygen enrichment. These methods enhance fuel combustion and thermal efficiency in the sintering process.

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Area of Science:

Metallurgical Engineering
Environmental Science
Chemical Engineering

Background:

High-proportion biomass energy use in iron ore sintering degrades quality and increases costs.
Medium- and low-grade biochar present an opportunity for greener sintering processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To improve sintering quality and reduce costs using biochar.
To investigate the effects of biochar particle size and oxygen enrichment on sintering performance.

Main Methods:

Developed a numerical model of the sintering process incorporating dual-fuel combustion (coke and biochar), pyrolysis, and gasification.
Simulated biochar application under various operational modes, including different particle sizes and selective oxygen enrichment.

Main Results:

Coarse biochar particles (1.6-4.8 mm) at a 60% substitution rate improved thermal indicators, yielding up to 45%.
Excessively coarse biochar led to incomplete combustion.
Selective oxygen enrichment significantly increased coke and biochar combustion rates by over 90% in the near-inlet area.

Conclusions:

Coarse biochar particle size and selective oxygen enrichment are effective strategies for enhancing iron ore sintering.
These methods improve fuel utilization, energy release, and overall thermal efficiency, supporting sustainable iron production.