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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure

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Published on: September 19, 2019

Prenatal Attachment Inventory: Adaptation and Validation in the Indian Context.

K Rajitha¹, Manish Kumar Verma¹, V Anand Mohan²

¹School of Liberal and Creative Arts (Social Sciences and Languages), Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab India.

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of India

|June 29, 2026

Summary

This study successfully translated and validated the Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI) into Malayalam, creating a culturally relevant tool for measuring maternal-fetal attachment in India. The validated PAI will aid future research and interventions for improved maternal and fetal health.

Keywords:

Assessment Maternal–fetal attachment Pregnancy Screening tools

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Last Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure

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Published on: September 19, 2019

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Published on: January 17, 2025

Area of Science:

Psychology
Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Cross-cultural Psychology

Background:

Maternal-Fetal Attachment (MFA) research in India lacks culturally validated instruments.
The Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI) is a key tool for assessing MFA, based on attachment theory.
Adapting the PAI for the Indian context is crucial for accurate research.

Purpose of the Study:

To translate and validate the Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI) into Malayalam.
To develop a culturally sensitive measure for Maternal-Fetal Attachment (MFA) in India.
To address the gap in MFA research within the Indian population.

Main Methods:

The PAI was translated into Malayalam and culturally adapted with expert input.
New items focusing on maternal self-care, fetal interaction, and resource use were added.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Cronbach's alpha were used for validation in 250 pregnant women in Kerala.

Main Results:

The Content Validity Ratio (CVR) was 0.95, indicating strong content validity.
Initial CFA showed acceptable fit, with improved indices after item refinement (CFI=0.843, TLI=0.811, SRMR=0.0591, RMSEA=0.0802).
The Malayalam PAI demonstrated high internal consistency with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.868.

Conclusions:

The Malayalam PAI is a reliable and culturally appropriate instrument for measuring MFA in India.
This validated tool supports future research and interventions aimed at enhancing maternal and fetal health.
The study provides a much-needed psychometric tool for the Indian context.