Common Clonal Origin of Core-Binding-Factor AML in Both Donor and Recipient Following Kidney Transplantation

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Transplantation Medicine
• Hematology

Background:

• Kidney transplant recipients have an increased risk of malignancies.
• Most post-transplant cancers originate from the recipient.
• Transmission of malignancy from donor to recipient is rare but documented.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a case of donor-derived acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in a kidney transplant recipient.
• To provide evidence for the transmission of leukemia-initiating cells via solid organ transplantation (SOT).

Main Methods:

• Case report detailing a kidney transplant recipient who developed AML.
• Review of patient and donor medical histories.
• Analysis of leukemia origin in the recipient.

Main Results:

• The kidney transplant recipient developed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) five years post-transplant.
• The donor had been diagnosed with AML four years prior to the recipient's diagnosis.
• This case demonstrates transmission of leukemia from donor to recipient.

Conclusions:

• Donor-derived malignancies can occur in kidney transplant recipients.
• Solid organ transplantation (SOT) can transmit leukemia-initiating cells.
• Awareness and screening are crucial for managing malignancy risk in transplant recipients.