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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors01:29

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is the clinical practice of measuring specific drug levels in a patient's blood or body tissues to manage and optimize therapy. TDM is crucial for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows, like warfarin and phenytoin, where incorrect doses can lead to treatment failure or severe side effects. This monitoring ensures the dosage administered is within a safe and effective range. The factors affecting therapeutic drug monitoring include:Patient-Specific Factors:a.
Dosage Regimen: Individualization01:24

Dosage Regimen: Individualization

Individualization in dosing regimens is the customization of medication doses for individual patients. Its necessity arises from the goal of maximizing therapeutic benefits while minimizing risks. This approach is pivotal because human responses to drugs can vary widely; what is effective for one person may be inadequate or excessive for another. Interpatient (intersubject) variability refers to differences in drug responses between individuals, while intrapatient (intrasubject) variability...
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Drug Analysis Methods01:26

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Drug Analysis Methods

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is a clinical practice that measures specific drug levels in a patient's blood or body tissues to tailor drug therapy effectively. This monitoring is critical for managing drugs with narrow therapeutic indices like digoxin and phenytoin, ensuring they are both safe and effective. For instance, monitoring theophylline levels in asthma patients involves precision and sensitivity to adjust doses according to individual responses to therapy, ensuring efficacy and...

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Updated: Jun 30, 2026

System for Efficacy and Cytotoxicity Screening of Inhibitors Targeting Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis
09:57

System for Efficacy and Cytotoxicity Screening of Inhibitors Targeting Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Published on: April 5, 2017

Individualized Therapy Guided by Drug Susceptibility Testing for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis.

Thomas Theo Brehm1,2,3, Dagmar Schaub1, Viola Dreyer2,4

  • 1Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany.

Open Forum Infectious Diseases
|June 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment outcomes were comparable to drug-susceptible disease when using comprehensive drug susceptibility testing (DST). High concordance between phenotypic DST and molecular DST (mDST) supports mDST for guiding personalized tuberculosis treatment.

Keywords:
genotypic drug susceptibility testingnext-generation sequencingphenotypic drug susceptibility testingtreatment outcomeswhole-genome sequencing

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 30, 2026

System for Efficacy and Cytotoxicity Screening of Inhibitors Targeting Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis
09:57

System for Efficacy and Cytotoxicity Screening of Inhibitors Targeting Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Published on: April 5, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Genomics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) poses a significant global health threat, with lower treatment success rates compared to drug-susceptible TB.
  • Accurate and timely drug susceptibility testing (DST) is critical for effective DR-TB management.
  • Multidrug- or rifampicin-resistant (MDR/RR) TB requires specialized treatment strategies informed by DST.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare treatment outcomes between drug-susceptible and MDR/RR tuberculosis in a high-resource setting.
  • To evaluate the concordance between phenotypic DST (pDST) and molecular DST (mDST) using whole-genome sequencing (WGS).
  • To identify predictors of cure in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of adults with pulmonary tuberculosis treated between March 2019 and November 2021.
  • Inclusion of patients with culture-confirmed tuberculosis, categorized as drug-susceptible or MDR/RR.
  • Performance of comprehensive pDST and WGS-based mDST, with treatment outcomes assessed using WHO 2021 and TBnet criteria.

Main Results:

  • Sixty-six patients were included: 43 with drug-susceptible TB and 23 with MDR/RR TB.
  • High concordance was observed between pDST and WGS-based mDST.
  • WHO-defined treatment success rates were 95% for drug-susceptible TB and 87% for MDR/RR TB; no significant predictors of cure were identified.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with MDR/RR TB achieved comparable outcomes to those with drug-susceptible TB in a high-resource setting with comprehensive DST.
  • High concordance between pDST and mDST validates the reliability of molecular methods for guiding personalized TB treatment.
  • Molecular DST offers a promising approach for optimizing treatment regimens in drug-resistant tuberculosis.