Burn Unit Operational System: Systematic Review and Lessons Learned for Practical Implications in Indonesia

Indonesia, a country with a high incidence and burden of burn injuries, still faces limited numbers and uneven distribution of burn units, as well as the absence of operational guidelines. This review analyzes global burn unit operational systems to identify best practices that can be adapted for the development and optimization of burn units in Indonesia. A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, Sage Journals, and MEDLINE. Inclusion criteria comprised studies focusing on managerial aspects of burn units. Literature search was done according to PRISMA guidelines, and included studies were critically appraised. Following screening and eligibility assessment of 1,046 studies, 20 studies were included in the review. A total of 6 guidelines provided recommendations for burn unit operational systems, and 13 studies offered recommendations for developing burn unit operational systems that could be implemented in Indonesia. Indonesia can adopt approaches from international guidelines to establish more burn units in priority areas based on needs, with operational design guidelines aligned with global standards to enhance the quality of care nationwide. Analysis of global burn unit operational systems successfully identified guidelines and recommendations for the development and management of burn units in Indonesia.