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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Developmental Psychology01:27

Introduction to Developmental Psychology

Developmental psychology explores the changes and continuities in human abilities throughout life, encompassing physical, cognitive, linguistic, and social dimensions. Human development is not restricted to growth, but includes aspects of decline, particularly in physical abilities as individuals age. Developmental psychologists seek to understand how people change as they age and how their mental and social skills evolve.Developmental MilestonesA key concept in developmental psychology is...
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Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
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Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
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Human development is typically examined across three main domains: physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional. These domains represent the significant areas of change and continuity throughout the lifespan, from infancy to late adulthood.
Physical Development
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Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
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Published on: August 25, 2014

Identifying developmental vulnerability through linear growth screening: a UK cross-sectional study.

Michael Papasavva1, Joanna Orr1, Isabella Cordani1

  • 1Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.

BMJ Public Health
|June 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Being short for genetic potential, not just stunting, identifies children at higher risk for developmental vulnerability. This finding suggests incorporating parental heights into growth monitoring can help flag neurodevelopmental concerns earlier.

Keywords:
HumansPublic HealthSociodemographic Factors

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Child Development
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Linear growth is routinely monitored in UK children.
  • Early identification of neurodevelopmental vulnerability is crucial, especially in diverse urban settings.
  • The link between linear growth faltering and neurodevelopmental risk is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether short stature (stunting) or being short for genetic potential flags children at risk of developmental vulnerability.
  • To assess children aged 2-2.5 years using routine developmental screening.
  • To inform early neurodevelopmental review strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of 555 children (24-30 months) in East London.
  • Developmental vulnerability defined by Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3) cut-offs.
  • Exposures: stunting (height-for-age z-score <-2 SD) and short for genetic potential (deviation from mid-parental height [DMPH] <-2 SD).
  • Logistic regression adjusted for covariates; Griffiths III Mental Development Scales (GMDS-III) used for validation.

Main Results:

  • 25.4% of children screened positive for developmental vulnerability.
  • No association found between stunting and developmental vulnerability (aOR 1.35).
  • Children short for genetic potential showed significantly higher odds of developmental vulnerability (aOR 4.18).

Conclusions:

  • Deviation from genetic height potential, not stunting, is a key indicator of increased neurodevelopmental vulnerability risk in urban UK children.
  • Integrating parental height measurements into routine growth surveillance may provide an early trigger for neurodevelopmental assessment.
  • This approach could enhance early identification and intervention for at-risk children.