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Related Concept Videos

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction01:26

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, in which target tissues such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue respond poorly to insulin. It is also associated with inadequate compensatory insulin secretion, where pancreatic β-cells fail to produce sufficient insulin. Together, these abnormalities lead to persistent hyperglycemia.EtiologyT2DM develops through a complex interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental or...
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:24

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.
Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
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Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
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Related Experiment Videos

Knowledge-Attitude-Practice-Based Outdoor Exercise Education for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized

Liwen Tu1, Qiang Liu2, Yun Shen3

  • 1Department of Nursing, Shanghai Geriatric Medical Center, Shanghai, China.

Journal of Diabetes Research
|June 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A structured Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP)-based exercise program did not improve glycemic control or weight in Type 2 diabetes patients compared to standard guidance. Both approaches led to meaningful health improvements.

Keywords:
Type 2 diabetesexerciseknowledge–attitude–practicepatient educationrandomized controlled trial

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Exercise Science

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes management benefits from regular exercise, yet adherence is challenging.
  • Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP)-based education offers a potential strategy to enhance exercise adherence.
  • This study evaluates a KAP-based outdoor exercise program versus traditional guidance for Type 2 diabetes patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess if a KAP-based outdoor exercise education program improves glycemic and weight control over 6 months in Type 2 diabetes adults.
  • To compare the efficacy of a structured KAP intervention against traditional exercise advice.

Main Methods:

  • A 6-month, single-center, randomized controlled trial involving 220 adults with Type 2 diabetes.
  • Participants were randomized to a KAP-based exercise education intervention or traditional exercise guidance.
  • Primary outcomes (HbA1c, body weight) were assessed at baseline and 6 months; intention-to-treat analysis was used.

Main Results:

  • Both groups showed significant HbA1c improvements and modest weight loss; no significant between-group differences were observed for these primary outcomes.
  • The KAP group demonstrated significantly higher exercise adherence, with 80.4% meeting ≥150 min/week versus 57.8% in the control group.
  • Average weekly exercise duration was higher in the KAP group (178.5 min) compared to the control group (154.8 min).

Conclusions:

  • A KAP-based outdoor exercise program did not significantly improve glycemic control or body weight compared to traditional guidance in Type 2 diabetes patients.
  • Both interventions resulted in clinically meaningful improvements in HbA1c and other health metrics over the 6-month study period.
  • Enhanced exercise adherence was noted in the KAP group, suggesting potential benefits beyond primary outcome measures.