The BELONG framework: An LGBTQIA+-inclusive suicide prevention gatekeeper training

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Mental Health
• Psychology

Background:

• LGBTQIA+ individuals face higher rates of suicidal ideation and death due to systemic inequities and minority stress.
• Existing gatekeeper trainings lack LGBTQIA+-specific factors, leaving support providers unprepared.
• A need exists for suicide prevention approaches that fully integrate LGBTQIA+-specific considerations.

Purpose of the Study:

• Introduce BELONG, a conceptual framework for LGBTQIA+-inclusive suicide prevention gatekeeper training.
• Integrate minority stress theory, sociopolitical development theory, and intersectionality into gatekeeper training.
• Enhance gatekeepers' capacity to recognize LGBTQIA+-specific risk factors and provide affirming support.

Main Methods:

• Developed BELONG, a framework integrating established gatekeeper training domains with LGBTQIA+-specific factors.
• Incorporated practical strategies: LGBTQIA+-specific role-plays, affirming communication, tailored referrals, and advocacy tools.
• Positioned advocacy as a cross-cutting construct, emphasizing environmental and structural change.

Main Results:

• BELONG strengthens gatekeepers' intervention confidence and capacity to address systemic barriers.
• The framework embeds affirmation, belonging, and critical consciousness into training.
• Culturally grounded model tailored to LGBTQIA+ populations advances suicide prevention.

Conclusions:

• BELONG offers a culturally grounded, LGBTQIA+-inclusive model for suicide prevention gatekeeper training.
• The framework addresses critical gaps in current suicide prevention efforts for LGBTQIA+ individuals.
• Emphasizes gatekeeper roles in fostering affirming environments and promoting structural change for suicide prevention.