Mucin-producing cysts of the liver. Radiologic-pathologic correlation

Area of Science:

• Hepatobiliary imaging
• Gastrointestinal radiology
• Oncologic imaging

Background:

• Mucin-producing liver cysts (MCN, B-IPMN, CFC) are rare, challenging to diagnose, and have malignant potential.
• Accurate differentiation is vital for appropriate management and surgical planning.
• Radiologist's role is central in multidisciplinary decision-making.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of advanced MRI in characterizing mucin-producing hepatic cysts.
• To highlight how imaging findings impact clinical management decisions.
• To emphasize the integration of imaging with histopathology for precise diagnosis.

Main Methods:

• Gadolinium-enhanced MRI with MR cholangiography sequences.
• Multiparametric assessment integrating morphology, function, and biliary anatomy.
• Review of imaging features associated with malignant potential.

Main Results:

• MRI offers comprehensive characterization of mucin-producing cysts.
• Identification of high-risk features (mural nodules, restricted diffusion) guides surgical referral.
• Distinguishing MCN/CFC from simple cysts can prevent unnecessary surgery.

Conclusions:

• Refined MRI characterization is key for accurate diagnosis and management of mucin-producing hepatic cysts.
• Imaging findings directly influence surgical decisions regarding timing, extent, and urgency.
• Integration of imaging and pathology enables individualized, evidence-based therapeutic strategies.