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Migraine and auditory dysfunction: beyond comorbidity
Wandi Xu1, Ni Zhai2,3, Jingyu Chen1
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
Journal of Neurology
|June 29, 2026
Summary
Migraine is linked to hearing loss, tinnitus, and hyperacusis due to systemic sensory sensitization. Understanding these auditory symptoms in migraine patients is crucial for better diagnosis and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Otolaryngology
- Systemic Disorders
Background:
- Migraine is a systemic disorder involving multisensory sensitization.
- Auditory symptoms like hearing loss, tinnitus, and hyperacusis are common in migraine patients.
- Nearly two-thirds of migraine patients show auditory electrophysiological abnormalities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize epidemiological, audiological, and pathophysiological data linking migraine to auditory dysfunction.
- To explore the underlying mechanisms of migraine-associated auditory symptoms.
- To categorize current and emerging therapeutic strategies for these conditions.
Main Methods:
- Review of epidemiological, audiological, and pathophysiological data.
- Analysis of the peripheral-to-central continuum of pathology.
- Categorization of therapeutic strategies based on clinical objectives.
Main Results:
- Migraine-associated auditory dysfunction involves microvascular ischemia, aberrant fluid exchange, neurochemical imbalances, and central sensitization.
- Pathological axes include anatomical/hydrodynamic vulnerabilities, neurochemical disruptions, and central neural network plasticity.
- Therapeutic strategies target upstream migraine pathways, cochlear protection, and central hypersensitivity.
Conclusions:
- Migraine significantly impacts auditory function through complex pathophysiological mechanisms.
- A framework for therapeutic strategies is proposed, addressing migraine's systemic and central effects.
- Further research is needed for early identification, precise phenotyping, and cross-disciplinary management.
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