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Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

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In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro

Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro

Published on: January 31, 2022

A human liver organoid platform for hepatotoxicity assessment: evaluation using reference compounds.

Min Jeong Kim¹, Seo Yoon Choi¹, Su Min Youn¹

¹Division of Toxicological Research, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.

Frontiers in Toxicology

|June 29, 2026

Summary

Human liver organoids show promise for toxicity assessment, capturing compound-specific responses across multiple endpoints. Further validation is needed to confirm their predictive capability in drug development.

Keywords:

3D culture alternative to animal testing liver organoid liver toxicity toxicity assessment

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Last Updated: Jun 30, 2026

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Development and Optimization of A Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patient-Derived Organoid Model for Potential Target Identification and Drug Discovery

Development and Optimization of A Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patient-Derived Organoid Model for Potential Target Identification and Drug Discovery

Published on: August 18, 2023

Area of Science:

Toxicology
Stem Cell Biology
Drug Development

Background:

Organoid technology offers human-relevant models for biological studies.
Current applications of organoids in toxicity assessments are limited.
Previous work indicated liver organoid utility for drug toxicity evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the response of a liver organoid model to reference compounds.
To assess the model's performance in capturing toxicity using multiple endpoints.
To evaluate liver organoids as an in vitro platform for integrative toxicity assessment.

Main Methods:

Human liver organoids derived from induced pluripotent stem cells were used.
Organoids were exposed to reference compounds classified by UN GHS acute toxicity criteria.
Toxicity responses were evaluated via cell viability, functional biomarkers, imaging, and transcriptomics.

Main Results:

Reference compounds induced compound-specific changes in cell viability and hepatic function (e.g., albumin secretion).
Transcriptomic analysis revealed gene expression changes linked to hepatotoxicity, correlating with functional alterations.
The liver organoid model demonstrated potential for capturing multi-dimensional toxicity responses.

Conclusions:

Liver organoids show potential as an in vitro platform for integrative toxicity assessment.
The study provides an exploratory evaluation of platform performance, not predictive capability.
Future research requires broader chemical diversity and functional validation for wider applicability.