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Postoperative C-Reactive Protein Resolution Patterns in Patients With and Without Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation

Melina Heine1, Felix Ulbrich2, Samuel Justice1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Mass General Brigham, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States.

Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery
|June 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Postoperative atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery is linked to slower C-reactive protein decline, indicating delayed inflammation resolution. This finding may inform future preventative strategies for this common complication.

Keywords:
CRPPOAFcardiac surgeryinflammationinterleukinspostoperative complications

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Published on: February 26, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Immunology
  • Surgical Outcomes

Background:

  • Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a frequent complication following cardiac surgery.
  • The pathogenesis of POAF is not fully understood, hindering effective prevention.
  • Systemic inflammation is recognized as a significant contributor to POAF development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between systemic inflammation markers and POAF.
  • To characterize the relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP) decline and POAF.
  • To explore the role of interleukin levels in POAF development.

Main Methods:

  • Secondary analysis of a single-center cohort of 319 cardiac surgery patients.
  • POAF defined as AF episodes >30 seconds documented by telemetry or ECG.
  • Perioperative CRP and interleukin levels measured; CRP decline modeled using linear regression.

Main Results:

  • 51% of patients developed POAF, primarily on postoperative days 2-3.
  • A slower CRP decline was independently associated with POAF (OR: 1.71, p=0.046).
  • Higher Interleukin-10 levels were observed in patients with POAF (Mean ratio: 1.28, p<0.001).

Conclusions:

  • POAF is prevalent after cardiac surgery and correlates with a slower postoperative CRP decline.
  • This suggests POAF is associated with delayed resolution of postoperative inflammation.
  • Findings highlight the role of inflammation in POAF pathogenesis.