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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction01:26

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impact various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are generally bacterial, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative agent, often originating from the gastrointestinal tract. However, other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, are also known to cause UTIs. The type, location, and underlying complexity of the UTI guide both...
Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management01:17

Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management

In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs like...
Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention01:27

Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention

Management of renal calculi focuses on effective strategies like tailored nutrition and hydration therapy. Adjusting diet and fluid intake reduces stone formation and recurrence, making these interventions simple yet powerful in kidney stone prevention and management.Understanding Kidney StonesKidney stones form when calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and cystine concentrate and crystallize in urine. Factors contributing to their formation include genetic predisposition, certain medical conditions,...
Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...

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An Orthotopic Bladder Cancer Model for Gene Delivery Studies
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Treatment-Related Cystitis During Intravesical Chemotherapy: Incidence, Risk Factors, And Nursing-Pathway

Jiali Zhang1, Baochuan Wu2, Chengpeng Xie1

  • 1Urology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University.

Journal of Visualized Experiments : Jove
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PubMed
Summary

Treatment-related cystitis (TRC) affects nearly half of patients undergoing intravesical chemotherapy for bladder cancer. A structured nursing pathway may reduce TRC incidence and improve treatment completion rates.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology
  • Nursing Science

Background:

  • Intravesical chemotherapy is standard for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer post-transurethral resection.
  • Treatment-related cystitis (TRC) can disrupt planned chemotherapy, impacting patient outcomes.
  • Quantifying TRC incidence and identifying risk factors is crucial for optimizing care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess TRC incidence and associated clinical/procedural factors.
  • To evaluate the impact of a preventive nursing pathway on TRC and treatment outcomes.
  • To identify risk factors for TRC in patients receiving intravesical chemotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, single-center observational cohort study of 120 patients.
  • Comparison of standard care (n=60) versus a preventive nursing pathway (n=60).
  • TRC assessment within 7 days of instillation; interruption-free completion evaluated; risk factors analyzed via multivariable regression.

Main Results:

  • TRC occurred in 45.8% of patients.
  • Shorter time from resection to first instillation, multiple catheterization attempts, and higher baseline symptoms increased TRC risk.
  • The preventive nursing pathway was associated with significantly lower odds of TRC (aOR=0.54).

Conclusions:

  • TRC presents a significant clinical burden during intravesical chemotherapy.
  • A structured nursing pathway may mitigate TRC and support risk-stratified follow-up.
  • Further research is needed to confirm causality and explore mechanisms like urothelial barrier injury.