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Published on: February 8, 2022
Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma: From fatal to curable
Jie Xiong1, Yok-Lam Kwong2, Laurence de Leval3
1Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) treatment has advanced significantly, improving outcomes for many patients. Research continues to explore novel therapies targeting Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and the tumor microenvironment for better results.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Immunology
Background:
- Extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
- Historically associated with poor prognosis and high mortality.
- Prevalent in Asian and South American populations, often linked to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evolution of ENKTCL treatment paradigms.
- To highlight current standards of care for early and advanced stages.
- To discuss emerging therapeutic strategies and future directions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of ENKTCL treatment advancements.
- Analysis of current therapeutic approaches including combined-modality therapies.
- Examination of novel agents and cellular therapies targeting EBV and tumor microenvironment.
Main Results:
- Treatment paradigms have evolved, leading to significantly improved clinical outcomes.
- Combined-modality therapies are standard for early-stage ENKTCL.
- Targeting immune and metabolic dysregulation is key for advanced-stage ENKTCL.
- New agents and cellular therapies show promising responses.
- Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is beneficial for select high-risk patients.
Conclusions:
- ENKTCL is no longer a uniformly fatal disease due to treatment advancements.
- Understanding EBV's role in oncogenesis drives novel therapeutic development.
- Precision medicine and international collaboration are crucial for optimizing treatment and achieving cures.
