Bridging nanocellulose and biological responses through protein corona complexes

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Nanocellulose (NC) is a sustainable biomaterial with potential in drug delivery, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine.
• Protein corona (PC) formation on NC surfaces in biological fluids alters its biological identity and performance.
• Understanding the NC-PC interface is crucial for effective biomedical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review how nanocellulose physicochemical properties influence protein corona formation and composition.
• To examine the impact of protein corona on cellular interactions, immune responses, and therapeutic efficacy of nanocellulose.
• To discuss surface engineering strategies for optimizing nanocellulose-based biomaterials and explore future personalized medicine applications.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies investigating nanocellulose-protein corona interactions.
• Analysis of physicochemical properties of nanocellulose (surface charge, functional groups, crystallinity, dimensions, morphology).
• Evaluation of the influence of protein corona on cellular uptake, immune responses, and intracellular signaling.

Main Results:

• Nanocellulose physicochemical properties significantly dictate protein corona formation and composition.
• The formed protein corona critically influences nanocellulose biocompatibility, cellular interactions, and therapeutic outcomes.
• Surface engineering strategies can modulate protein corona formation for enhanced biomedical performance.

Conclusions:

• Elucidating nanocellulose-protein corona interface dynamics is essential for rational design of advanced biomaterials.
• Tailoring nanocellulose properties can optimize protein corona formation for specific biomedical applications.
• Further research into nanocellulose-PC interactions holds promise for personalized medicine.