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Related Concept Videos

Malaria01:29

Malaria

Malaria pathogenesis in humans reflects a delicate interplay between parasite biology and host response. Clinical illness reflects a host’s immune response to the parasite’s asexual replication cycle, which is often asymptomatic in individuals with partial immunity. From the parasite's perspective, transmission between mosquito and human with minimal host pathology is evolutionarily advantageous. Among the six Plasmodium species infecting humans, P. falciparum and P. vivax dominate in global...
Anthelminthic Agents01:15

Anthelminthic Agents

Anthelmintic drugs differ significantly from antiparasitic therapies targeting protozoa, primarily due to differences in parasite biology. Whereas most protozoal treatments act on proliferating cells, anthelmintics are typically directed against mature, nonproliferative helminths. The therapeutic approach considers the helminth's reliance on neuromuscular coordination, glucose metabolism, and microtubular integrity for survival, reproduction, and localization within the host. Most anthelmintics...
Antiprotozoal Agents01:21

Antiprotozoal Agents

Leishmaniasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by several Leishmania species. It affects millions of people each year and remains a major public health problem in endemic regions. First-line treatment relies on pentavalent antimonials, including meglumine antimoniate and sodium stibogluconate. Even so, how these drugs work has not been fully clear, especially their interaction with parasite-specific biochemical pathways. One key target is trypanothione reductase (TR), an enzyme that...
Smallpox01:24

Smallpox

Smallpox is a severe contagious disease caused by the Variola major virus, a double-stranded DNA member of the Poxviridae family.Variola major transmission occurs primarily via inhalation of virus-laden droplets or direct contact with infectious scabs. The incubation period averages approximately seven days, although it may range from 7 to 17 days depending on the inoculum and host factors.Clinically, the prodromal phase is marked by an abrupt onset of high fever, malaise, headache, and myalgia.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.

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The pyrrolidinamide antimalarial drug MMV367 rapidly clears blood-stage <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> in healthy adults with experimental malaria.

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Ookluc: A Plasmodium berghei Line for Identifying Transmission-blocking Compounds
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New Malaria Prevention Modalities: Long-Acting Interventions Beyond Vaccines.

Cristina Donini1, Richard K Amewu2, Benoit Bestgen3

  • 1MMV, Medicines for Malaria Venture, Geneva 1215, Switzerland doninic@mmv.org.

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine
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New long-acting malaria prevention tools offer sustained protection with fewer doses, enhancing effectiveness for children and pregnant women in high-transmission areas.

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Toxicological Assays for Testing Effects of an Epigenetic Drug on Development, Fecundity and Survivorship of Malaria Mosquitoes
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Toxicological Assays for Testing Effects of an Epigenetic Drug on Development, Fecundity and Survivorship of Malaria Mosquitoes

Published on: January 16, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Infectious Disease Research
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Malaria prevention is critical for vulnerable populations like children and pregnant women.
  • Current strategies (vector control, vaccination, chemoprevention) have limitations, especially in high-transmission zones.
  • Novel tools are essential to improve malaria prevention scope and efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine emerging malaria chemoprevention modalities beyond traditional vaccination.
  • To highlight advances in long-acting interventions for sustained malaria protection.
  • To explore clinical development and deployment considerations for new antimalarial agents.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pharmacological rationale for novel chemoprevention strategies.
  • Analysis of long-acting interventions including monoclonal antibodies and small-molecule formulations.
  • Exploration of clinical development and deployment factors for new malaria drugs.

Main Results:

  • Emerging long-acting interventions promise sustained malaria protection with reduced dosing frequency.
  • Monoclonal antibodies, long-acting oral agents, and injectable formulations are key innovations.
  • These advancements improve operational feasibility and long-term impact in endemic regions.

Conclusions:

  • New long-acting malaria chemoprevention tools represent a significant advancement in disease control.
  • These innovations enhance feasibility and impact, moving malaria prevention towards elimination strategies.
  • Further development and deployment are crucial for accelerating malaria elimination globally.