[Organoid-based strategies and challenges in tissue regeneration]

Tissue regenerative medicine aims to repair or replace tissue and organs that have lost function due to disease, trauma, or aging, and the emergence of organoid technology has provided a new avenue for this field. Organoids are self-organized structures formed under three-dimensional culture conditions. They can recapitulate the structure and function of native organs, demonstrating unique advantages in disease modeling, drug screening, personalized medicine, and regenerative application. This article systematically summarizes the core strategies of organoids in tissue regeneration, including in vitro modeling and drug screening, in situ transplantation and functional repair, biohybrid organ construction, and organoid chip platform. It further analyzes the major challenges such as insufficient technological maturity, limited functional fidelity, restricted large-scale production, and ethical regulations for clinical application. In addition, potential solutions are proposed to overcome current bottlenecks and challenges through technological integration, standardization and automation, and the promotion of clinical translation. Overall, organoids, as a key strategy in regenerative medicine, are reshaping the landscape of tissue regeneration research and offering new hope for future clinical therapies.