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Updated: Jul 1, 2026
06:47
Expanding the Comprehension of the Tumor Microenvironment using Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Formalin-Fixed and Paraffin-Embedded Tissue Samples
Published on: June 29, 2022
Imaging the hallmarks of cancer
Jan Grimm1, Fabian Kiessling2,3, Kevin M Brindle4
1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. grimmj@mskcc.org.
Nature Reviews. Cancer
|June 29, 2026
Summary
Non-invasive imaging technologies are crucial for monitoring cancer hallmarks and guiding personalized therapies. These advanced imaging techniques, including AI-assisted analysis, aid in stratifying patients and optimizing treatment strategies for better outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Medical Imaging
- Biomarkers
Background:
- The hallmarks of cancer provide a framework for understanding tumor complexity and developing targeted therapies.
- Monitoring therapeutic effectiveness and stratifying patients require advanced biomarkers and imaging technologies.
- Tumor heterogeneity and rapid mutation necessitate non-invasive imaging to track cancer hallmarks longitudinally and quantitatively.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review non-invasive diagnostic imaging capabilities for assessing the hallmarks of cancer.
- To discuss imaging probes targeting biomolecules and methods interrogating pathophysiological processes.
- To explore the role of artificial intelligence in multiparametric image analysis for cancer hallmarks.
Main Methods:
- Review of non-invasive imaging techniques and probes targeting cancer hallmarks.
- Discussion of indirect imaging of pathophysiological processes related to cancer hallmarks.
- Exploration of artificial intelligence-assisted multiparametric image analysis (radiomics, radiogenomics, deep learning).
Main Results:
- Various non-invasive imaging modalities can assess specific cancer hallmarks directly or indirectly.
- AI-assisted image analysis, including radiomics and deep learning, enhances visualization and understanding of cancer hallmarks.
- These imaging approaches have translational value and are increasingly used in clinical practice.
Conclusions:
- Non-invasive imaging is essential for monitoring cancer hallmarks and enabling personalized treatment strategies.
- AI-powered imaging analysis offers novel ways to interrogate tumor complexity and guide therapy selection.
- The integration of advanced imaging into clinical practice is crucial for improving cancer patient management and outcomes.
