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An automatic RQD analysis method based on borehole image edge threshold segmentation.

Pengzhao Du1,2, Qingbo Li2, Min Zhang3

  • 1School of Water Resources and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.

Scientific Reports
|June 29, 2026
PubMed
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This study introduces an automated method for Rock Quality Designation (RQD) analysis using borehole imagery. The new technique improves RQD estimation accuracy and efficiency for rock mass integrity assessment.

Area of Science:

  • Geotechnical Engineering
  • Rock Mechanics
  • Geological Engineering

Background:

  • Rock Quality Designation (RQD) is crucial for assessing rock mass integrity.
  • Conventional RQD methods are prone to inaccuracies due to drilling and core handling variables.
  • Accurate RQD estimation is vital for reliable geotechnical assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an automated RQD analysis technique using borehole imagery.
  • To overcome limitations of traditional RQD measurement methods.
  • To enhance the precision and efficiency of rock mass integrity evaluation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized edge threshold segmentation on preprocessed borehole images.
  • Implemented target identification, labeling, and region merging for feature isolation.
Keywords:
Borehole imageEngineering applicationRQDStructural planeThreshold segmentation

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  • Extracted structural plane and fracture zone data for RQD computation.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated the automated RQD method on boreholes at the Guxian Water Control Project.
    • Achieved RQD results closely correlating with borehole imagery and rock mass integrity coefficients.
    • Validated the effectiveness of the automated approach in a real-world case study.

    Conclusions:

    • The automated RQD analysis technique offers enhanced precision and expanded data availability.
    • This method provides a rapid and efficient tool for rock mass integrity assessment.
    • The approach overcomes subjective influences inherent in conventional RQD determination.