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Related Concept Videos

Genomics02:02

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Introduction to the Human Microbiota

Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity, and disease...
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Human Virome

The human body harbors a vast and diverse viral community known as the human virome. The virome includes bacteriophages that infect bacteria, and eukaryotic viruses that infect human cells. Transient dietary and environmental viruses also contribute to this dynamic ecosystem. Estimates suggest the human body may contain on the order of 10¹³ viral particles, though abundance varies widely by body site and detection method.Comprehensive characterization of the virome has become possible only with...
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The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
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Modern Molecular Taxonomy

Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.

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Purifying the Impure: Sequencing Metagenomes and Metatranscriptomes from Complex Animal-associated Samples
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Purifying the Impure: Sequencing Metagenomes and Metatranscriptomes from Complex Animal-associated Samples

Published on: December 22, 2014

Empowering One Health with metagenomics.

Erin Harvey1, Kate Van Brussel2, Edward C Holmes3

  • 1Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.

One Health Outlook
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A global One Health approach is crucial for infectious disease response. Metagenomics offers rapid, sensitive diagnostics and surveillance, advancing understanding of disease origins and ecology, despite current limitations.

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A Clinical Metaproteomics Workflow Implemented within Galaxy Bioinformatics Platform to Analyze Host-Microbiome Interactions Underlying Human Disease

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A Clinical Metaproteomics Workflow Implemented within Galaxy Bioinformatics Platform to Analyze Host-Microbiome Interactions Underlying Human Disease

Published on: January 10, 2025

Area of Science:

  • One Health
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Global connectivity necessitates integrated approaches for human, animal, and ecosystem health.
  • Recent emergence of pathogens underscores the need for advanced diagnostic tools.
  • Metagenomics, a powerful research tool, gained prominence during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of metagenomic studies on understanding infectious disease origins, etiology, and ecology within a One Health framework.
  • To explore the future role of metagenomics in diagnostics and disease surveillance.
  • To outline current challenges and limitations of metagenomic methodologies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of metagenomic studies relevant to infectious diseases and One Health.
  • Analysis of the application of metagenomics in disease outbreak investigations.
  • Discussion of technological advancements and limitations in metagenomic sequencing and analysis.

Main Results:

  • Metagenomics has significantly enhanced understanding of pathogen origins, transmission dynamics, and ecological interactions.
  • The technology has proven valuable for rapid identification of known and novel pathogens.
  • Metagenomics supports integrated surveillance systems for a One Health approach.

Conclusions:

  • Metagenomics is a vital tool for infectious disease research and surveillance within the One Health paradigm.
  • Continued development is needed to overcome limitations in cost, speed, and data interpretation.
  • Metagenomics will play an increasingly important role in global health security.