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Mapping Evaluated University Primary Prevention Interventions Against a Whole-of-University Framework: A Scoping
Jessica Ison1, Fiona Giles2, Samantha Marshall1
1La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, Australia.
Trauma, Violence & Abuse
|June 30, 2026
Summary
Universities need a comprehensive approach to prevent sexual violence. Current programs often focus on individual behavior, neglecting systemic issues and long-term evaluation.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Higher Education Studies
- Sociology
Background:
- Sexual violence on university campuses is a significant public health concern.
- Universities are uniquely positioned to implement primary prevention strategies.
- Existing interventions have been slow to address the root causes of sexual violence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To map existing peer-reviewed literature on university sexual violence primary prevention programs in high-income countries.
- To analyze the scope and focus of current prevention efforts within a whole-of-university framework.
- To identify gaps and limitations in existing research and interventions.
Main Methods:
- A scoping review methodology was employed.
- Searches were conducted across multiple databases (Medline, PsycINFO, SOCIndex, Proquest, Scopus).
- Forty articles detailing sexual violence primary prevention programs in university settings were included and analyzed.
Main Results:
- Prevention programs were predominantly located within teaching/learning or student life domains.
- Interventions overemphasized individual values and behaviors, with limited focus on structural change.
- Most studies originated from the United States, featured piecemeal or one-off programs, and lacked longitudinal evaluation.
- Conceptualization of primary prevention varied significantly across studies.
Conclusions:
- A consistent, whole-of-university approach to primary sexual violence prevention is recommended.
- Future interventions should address structural factors and incorporate longitudinal evaluations.
- There is a need for a more unified understanding and implementation of primary prevention strategies in higher education.
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