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Syndactyly in pigs
José L Fernández-Vásquez1, Samer Sánchez-Silva1, Jorge Portal-Torres1
1Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, National University of Cajamarca, Cajamarca, Peru.
Background:
Syndactyly, also known as mulefoot, is one of the most common physical extremity malformations. In pigs, syndactyly has been associated with genetic or environmental factors and occurs as an isolated defect or in association with other congenital anomalies.This case report aimed to describe a radiographically confirmed case of syndactyly in a piglet.
Case Description:
A 17-day-old 6.2 kg piglet showed syndactyly in all four limbs. Although this anomaly did not affect the patient's daily activities, it was a congenital malformation of clinical and zootechnical relevance. A complete blood count, morphometric measurements, and limb radiographs were performed. Radiographs revealed a fusion of phalangeal bones in the forelimbs and an accessory phalangeal element located axially between the principal digits in the hindlimbs. The complete blood count revealed mild leukocytosis.
Conclusion:
Syndactyly occurs during embryonic development when the phalanges do not separate. Its severity can vary from a simple skin union to complete bone fusion. Syndactyly etiology is multifactorial and involves genetic and environmental factors.
