Modified fibrin sealant-cellulose efficacy on wound healing: Histopathological study

Wound healing takes a long time. To heal correctly, cells need specific conditions. Natural materials may assist cells in faster wound healing.

This study aimed to test the healing qualities of a modified fibrin sealant containing cellulose isolated from date palm fronds (Phoenix dactylifera).

Twelve local dogs were used, and they were divided into two groups: 1: control, administered normal saline; 2: test, treated with the fibrin-cellulose mixture. Each dog was given a circular wound of 20 mm. The assigned therapy was administered for 7 consecutive days. On days 7, 14, and 21, the wounds were measured, and tissue samples were collected for histological analysis.

As of day 7, the average size of the wounds in Group 2 decreased to 7 mm, whereas that in Group 1 remained at 11 mm (p ≤ 0.05). On day 14, the epithelial regeneration in the treatment group was at a more advanced stage than that in the control group. The treatment group had more developed collagen bundles and more mature vessels, suggesting that the group had advanced more than the others in the remodeling stage of the cycle. By day 21, wounds in Group 2 had fully healed, and their skin had completely regenerated. These wounds had a thick keratinized epidermis. On the other hand, Group 1 still had incomplete healing and noticeably thinner collagen networks. The treated group exhibited denser collagen bundles and more developed vascular growth, indicating a faster progression to the remodeling phase.

The combination of fibrin and cellulose enhanced tissue restoration speed and quality. Cellulose served as a supportive lattice for the cells, enabling rapid proliferation and repair. This study demonstrates the ability of plant cellulose incorporated into fibrin sealant to promote rapid skin wound deterioration in dogs.