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Related Concept Videos

Lymphatic Vessels and Lymph Transport01:16

Lymphatic Vessels and Lymph Transport

Lymphatic vessels, known as lymphatics, are crucial in transporting lymph from peripheral tissues to our venous system. This process begins with lymph entering through tiny capillaries that branch through tissues. These capillaries have unique features such as larger diameters, thinner walls, and a distinctive one-way valve system formed by overlapping endothelial cells.
This one-way system allows fluids, solutes, and even pathogens to enter but prevents their return to the intercellular spaces.

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Related Experiment Video

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Quantifying Leukocyte Egress via Lymphatic Vessels from Murine Skin and Tumors
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Quantifying Leukocyte Egress via Lymphatic Vessels from Murine Skin and Tumors

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Engineering Lymphatic Vessels and Lymphoid Microenvironments In Vitro to Investigate Immune Cell Trafficking.

Elizabeth Oh1, Esak Lee1

  • 1Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering
|June 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Engineered in vitro models offer a tiered approach to study the lymphatic system's role in immunity. These platforms, from simple monolayers to complex microfluidic systems, advance understanding of immune cell trafficking and antigen transport.

Keywords:
fluid flowimmunityin vitro modelinglymphatic systemorgan-on-a-chip

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Quantifying Leukocyte Egress via Lymphatic Vessels from Murine Skin and Tumors
08:39

Quantifying Leukocyte Egress via Lymphatic Vessels from Murine Skin and Tumors

Published on: January 7, 2019

Murine Dermal Lymphatic Endothelial Cell Isolation
05:52

Murine Dermal Lymphatic Endothelial Cell Isolation

Published on: July 21, 2023

Assessment of Lymphocyte Migration in an Ex Vivo Transmigration System
10:25

Assessment of Lymphocyte Migration in an Ex Vivo Transmigration System

Published on: September 20, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The lymphatic system is crucial for immune surveillance, antigen transport, and immune cell movement.
  • In vivo studies are complex, necessitating in vitro models for controlled investigation of lymphatic and lymph node functions.
  • Engineered in vitro platforms allow detailed interrogation of specific immune processes within the lymphatic system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a tiered framework for organizing engineered lymphatic and lymph node models.
  • To categorize these models based on increasing architectural and functional complexity.
  • To define the experimental landscape of in vitro lymphatic immunity research.

Main Methods:

  • Tier 1: Two-dimensional (2D) lymphatic endothelial monolayers for studying cell docking and chemokine presentation.
  • Tier 2: Three-dimensional (3D) matrices and stromal organization for lymphoid microenvironments and static antigen handling.
  • Tier 3: Microfluidic perfusion and compartmentalization for modeling dynamic lymphatic transport and immune trafficking.

Main Results:

  • Tier 1 models facilitate investigation of immune cell docking, chemokine presentation, and junctional regulation.
  • Tier 2 models recreate lymphoid microenvironments, supporting lymphocyte positioning and antigen handling in static conditions.
  • Tier 3 platforms enable modeling of lymphatic transport, flow-dependent endothelial behavior, and immune trafficking in dynamic systems.

Conclusions:

  • A tiered framework effectively organizes engineered lymphatic and lymph node models.
  • These in vitro models provide controlled environments to study complex lymphatic immune processes.
  • The reviewed models collectively define the current state and future directions for in vitro lymphatic immunity research.