Segmental colitis associated with diverticulosis (SCAD): imaging features, diagnostic pitfalls, and multidisciplinary...

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Colorectal Surgery
• Radiology

Background:

• Segmental colitis associated with diverticulosis (SCAD) is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting a specific segment of the colon with coexisting diverticular disease.
• SCAD is often misdiagnosed due to its similar clinical and radiographic presentation to acute diverticulitis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and imaging characteristics of SCAD.
• To identify key endoscopic and radiologic features for distinguishing SCAD from other colonic diseases.
• To emphasize the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in managing SCAD patients.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on pathogenesis, clinical features, and diagnostic modalities for SCAD.
• Analysis of endoscopic and radiologic findings reported in SCAD cases.
• Synthesis of information to differentiate SCAD from differential diagnoses like diverticulitis and IBD.

Main Results:

• SCAD presents with chronic inflammation localized to diverticula-bearing colonic segments.
• Distinct endoscopic and radiologic markers can help differentiate SCAD from acute diverticulitis and IBD.
• Accurate diagnosis relies on integrating clinical, endoscopic, and imaging data.

Conclusions:

• SCAD is an under-recognized cause of colitis that requires specific diagnostic considerations.
• Recognizing characteristic endoscopic and radiologic findings is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
• A collaborative, multidisciplinary approach involving gastroenterologists, surgeons, and radiologists is essential for optimal SCAD management.