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Related Concept Videos

Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly01:19

Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly

As part of their replication cycle, certain viruses synthesize long precursor proteins called polyproteins within infected host cells. In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), two major polyproteins are produced: Gag and Gag-Pol. The Gag polyprotein supplies the structural components of the virus, while Gag-Pol includes essential viral enzymes such as reverse transcriptase, integrase, and protease. After synthesis, these polyproteins move to the host cell membrane, where they assemble into an...
Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors01:22

Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors

Antiviral Nucleoside InhibitorsAntiviral nucleoside inhibitors are structural analogs of natural nucleosides that interfere with viral DNA or RNA synthesis. These compounds selectively target viral polymerases due to their resemblance to host nucleosides, thereby disrupting viral genome replication.Mechanism of Acyclovir ActionAcyclovir is a guanosine analog with a three-carbon acyclic side chain. It selectively targets herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2),...
Inhibitors Of Virion Release01:25

Inhibitors Of Virion Release

Viral replication and dissemination rely on efficient mechanisms for host cell entry, genome replication, assembly, and release. Influenza viruses, such as types A and B, are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome, that depend on two critical surface glycoproteins to carry out these processes: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). HA initiates infection by binding to sialic acid residues on the surface of host epithelial cells, facilitating receptor-mediated...
Subviral Agents01:29

Subviral Agents

Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...
Viral Structure00:56

Viral Structure

Viruses are extraordinarily diverse in shape and size, but they all have several structural features in common. All viruses have a core that contains a DNA- or RNA-based genome. The core is surrounded by a protective coat of proteins called the capsid. The capsid is composed of subunits called capsomeres. The capsid and genome-containing core are together known as the nucleocapsid.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Engineering Antiviral Agents via Surface Plasmon Resonance
13:00

Engineering Antiviral Agents via Surface Plasmon Resonance

Published on: June 14, 2022

Conformational active peptides for antiviral therapy.

Aleksandr A Rubel1, Vladimir V Egorov1

  • 1Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.

Bioorganic Chemistry
|June 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This review explores novel antiviral agents that disrupt viral protein function by inducing conformational changes. These compounds show promise for treating viral infections by targeting protein structure.

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Early Viral Entry Assays for the Identification and Evaluation of Antiviral Compounds
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Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Engineering Antiviral Agents via Surface Plasmon Resonance
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Published on: June 14, 2022

Initial Evaluation of Antibody-conjugates Modified with Viral-derived Peptides for Increasing Cellular Accumulation and Improving Tumor Targeting
11:58

Initial Evaluation of Antibody-conjugates Modified with Viral-derived Peptides for Increasing Cellular Accumulation and Improving Tumor Targeting

Published on: March 8, 2018

Early Viral Entry Assays for the Identification and Evaluation of Antiviral Compounds
09:29

Early Viral Entry Assays for the Identification and Evaluation of Antiviral Compounds

Published on: October 29, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Virology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Antiviral agents are crucial for managing viral infections.
  • Current treatments face challenges like resistance and side effects.
  • Targeting viral protein conformation offers a novel therapeutic strategy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review etiotropic antiviral agents that alter microbial protein conformation.
  • To discuss peptides inducing prion-like changes in viral proteins.
  • To explore potential applications and challenges of these agents.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of etiotropic antiviral compounds.
  • Analysis of peptides affecting viral protein conformation.
  • Discussion of therapeutic potential and limitations.

Main Results:

  • Identified a class of direct-acting antiviral agents.
  • Demonstrated peptides can induce prion-like conformational changes in viral proteins.
  • Outlined potential applications in antiviral therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Etiotropic antiviral agents targeting protein conformation represent a promising therapeutic avenue.
  • Peptides inducing prion-like changes offer a novel mechanism for disrupting viral function.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges for clinical application.