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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists01:23

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists

Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents01:20

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents

Diarrhea is characterized by the occurrence of frequent, watery bowel movements. Various factors can trigger diarrhea, including viral or bacterial infections, foodborne illnesses, side effects from certain medications, and underlying digestive disorders. If not adequately managed, diarrhea can lead to complications such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and nutrient deficiencies. Severe diarrhea can lead to significant weight loss, malnutrition, and weakened immune function.
Adsorbents...
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Bulk-Forming and Stimulant Laxatives01:22

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Bulk-Forming and Stimulant Laxatives

Laxatives enhance bowel movements and alleviate constipation. They augment the stool's bulk, stimulate intestinal muscle contractions, draw water into the intestines, or soften the stool. There are five key types of laxatives: bulk laxatives, stimulant laxatives, osmotic laxatives, stool softeners, and lubricant laxatives.
Bulk-forming laxatives, such as psyllium, methylcellulose, and polycarbophil, absorb water in the intestine, increasing stool bulk and promoting bowel movement. This makes...
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Other Laxatives01:20

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Other Laxatives

Laxatives are primarily used to alleviate constipation, a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by infrequent bowel movements and difficulty passing stools. They work by various mechanisms to increase the volume or frequency of bowel movements. The primary modes of action of laxatives include increasing stool bulk, softening the stool, stimulating intestinal motility, and osmotically drawing water into the intestines.
Osmotic or saline laxatives, like magnesium hydroxide or milk of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Investigating the Alleviating Effects of Bacillus cereus Administration on Colitis through Gut Microbiota Modulation
08:34

Investigating the Alleviating Effects of Bacillus cereus Administration on Colitis through Gut Microbiota Modulation

Published on: July 27, 2022

Rhubarb extract ameliorates slow-transit constipation in rats by modulating gut microbiota and bile acid homeostasis.

Yumiao Du1, Zhongmou Zhang1, Weiqiang Huang2

  • 1Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300193, China.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology
|June 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Rhubarb extract (RE) effectively treats slow-transit constipation (STC) in rats by enhancing gut motility, restoring gut microbiota, and rebalancing bile acids. This traditional Chinese medicine

Keywords:
Bile acidsGut microbiotaRhubarbSlow transit constipation

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Investigating the Alleviating Effects of Bacillus cereus Administration on Colitis through Gut Microbiota Modulation
08:34

Investigating the Alleviating Effects of Bacillus cereus Administration on Colitis through Gut Microbiota Modulation

Published on: July 27, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology and Traditional Chinese Medicine
  • Gastroenterology and Gut Health
  • Multi-omics and Systems Biology

Background:

  • Rhubarb is a traditional Chinese medicine used for constipation.
  • Mechanisms of rhubarb's action on slow-transit constipation (STC) are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate rhubarb extract's (RE) therapeutic effects on STC rat models.
  • Elucidate the underlying mechanisms using an integrated multi-omics approach.

Main Methods:

  • LC-MS for chemical profiling, network pharmacology, and molecular docking.
  • STC rat model induced by loperamide, assessed via phenotypic, intestinal transit, and histopathological analyses.
  • Gut microbiota (16S rRNA sequencing), metabolomics, and bile acid analysis (ELISA) were employed.

Main Results:

  • RE significantly improved STC symptoms, increasing intestinal transit rate and serum 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels.
  • Network pharmacology identified serotonergic synapse signaling as a key pathway.
  • RE partially restored gut microbiota dysbiosis and bile acid metabolic disturbances, normalizing key metabolites and restoring bile acid balance.

Conclusions:

  • Rhubarb extract alleviates STC by enhancing intestinal motility.
  • RE modulates gut microbiota composition and restores bile acid metabolic homeostasis.
  • Findings support RE's therapeutic potential for STC through multi-faceted mechanisms.