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Related Concept Videos

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
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Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses02:45

Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses

The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response01:15

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Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
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Positive Regulator Molecules

To consistently produce healthy cells, the cell cycle—the process that generates daughter cells—must be precisely regulated.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures
06:53

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures

Published on: November 11, 2016

Emergent multidien cycles from partial circadian synchrony.

Marc G Leguia1,2, Maxime O Baud3, Ralph G Andrzejak2

  • 1Life sciences department, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain mgrauleg@gmail.com.

Eneuro
|June 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multidien cycles, longer biological rhythms, may emerge from the interaction of circadian oscillators, not independent clocks. This provides a new model for understanding health and disease rhythms.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures
06:53

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures

Published on: November 11, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Non-linear dynamics
  • Systems biology

Background:

  • Circadian rhythms are well-understood, but longer 'multidien' biological cycles are increasingly recognized for their importance in health and disease.
  • The mechanisms generating multidien cycles are unclear, and they may not be genetically encoded due to their variability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and theoretically demonstrate that multidien cycles can emerge from the interaction of partially coupled circadian oscillators.
  • To investigate how network dynamics and coupling parameters influence the emergence of these longer biological rhythms.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a theoretical ring model of coupled circadian oscillators.
  • Analyzed the evolution of synchrony within the network over time.
  • Studied the impact of variations in coupling parameters on emergent periodicities.

Main Results:

  • A robust, approximately weekly free-running period emerged from the network dynamics.
  • Variations in coupling parameters generated additional multidien cycles with periodicities observed across species.
  • Demonstrated the emergence of multi-day rhythms through chimera states in a biological network.

Conclusions:

  • Partial synchrony among circadian oscillators provides a credible hypothesis for generating multidien cycles.
  • This model offers a new mechanistic explanation for long-timescale biological phenomena in health and disease.
  • Findings link chronobiology with non-linear dynamics, offering a novel theoretical foundation for multidien rhythms relevant to multiple scientific fields.