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A federated learning framework integrating knowledge graphs and Node2Vec for multi-source medical image

Abdullah Ali Alqarni1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. almohsen@ub.edu.sa.

Scientific Reports
|June 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary
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This study introduces GraphMedFL, a novel federated learning framework for medical image classification. It enhances accuracy and generalization by integrating knowledge graphs and structural embeddings, outperforming traditional methods.

Area of Science:

  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Medical Imaging
  • Machine Learning

Background:

  • Federated learning in healthcare faces challenges with non-IID data and limited generalization.
  • Conventional methods often overlook structural relationships in medical images, impacting classification performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose GraphMedFL, a federated learning framework enhancing medical image classification.
  • To improve robustness and generalization in heterogeneous healthcare environments.

Main Methods:

  • Constructing local knowledge graphs from image features to capture inter-sample relationships.
  • Integrating Node2Vec structural embeddings with feature representations for enriched local training.
  • Employing a similarity-aware adaptive aggregation strategy to handle non-IID data.
Keywords:
Federated learningImage classificationMedical imagingNode2Vec

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • GraphMedFL achieved 98.3% accuracy on breast cancer datasets (BreakHis, CBIS-DDSM, INbreast).
  • The framework consistently outperformed baseline federated learning and local training approaches.
  • Demonstrated significant improvements in precision, recall, and F1-score.

Conclusions:

  • GraphMedFL offers a robust and generalizable solution for federated medical image classification.
  • The integration of knowledge graphs and structural embeddings effectively addresses data heterogeneity challenges.