Rosuvastatin-loaded collagen membrane in grade II mandibular furcation defects in periodontal disease: a split-mouth...

Periodontal disease is a chronic infectious disease that adversely affects human oral health and overall wellbeing, with furcation involvement posing a significant therapeutic challenge. Rosuvastatin, a hydrophilic statin widely used in medicine, has demonstrated pleiotropic properties including anti-inflammatory and osteogenic effects, making it a promising adjunct for periodontal regeneration. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a 1.2% rosuvastatin-loaded collagen membrane in the treatment of grade II mandibular furcation defects. A split-mouth randomized controlled trial was conducted on 15 systemically healthy patients presenting with bilateral Grade II mandibular furcation defects (30 defects in total). Control sites received bone graft and collagen membrane, while test sites were treated with bone graft and a 1.2% rosuvastatin-loaded collagen membrane. Clinical parameters including probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), radiographic defect depth (DD), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were recorded at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months postoperatively. At 6 months, both groups showed significant improvements in PD, CAL, DD, and ALP levels. The control group had PD 4.5 ± 0.9 mm, CAL 5.7 ± 1.1 mm, DD 3.5 ± 0.3 mm, and ALP 189.5 ± 13.2 pg/mL, while the test group showed PD 3.0 ± 0.7 mm, CAL 4.0 ± 1.0 mm, DD 2.5 ± 0.3 mm, and ALP 204.3 ± 12.7 pg/mL, indicating superior outcomes with rosuvastatin (p < 0.05). The application of a 1.2% rosuvastatin-loaded collagen membrane resulted in significantly greater improvements in clinical, radiographic, and biochemical parameters compared with the control treatment in Grade II mandibular furcation defects.