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Muscles that Move the Arm

Muscles that Move the Arm

Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...

Muscles of the Shoulder

Muscles of the Shoulder

The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Knotless Independent Double-Row Repair and Biceps Augmentation for Anterosuperior Rotator Cuff Tears

Knotless Independent Double-Row Repair and Biceps Augmentation for Anterosuperior Rotator Cuff Tears

Published on: January 23, 2026

Arthroscopic Double Row Subscapularis Repair Using an Interlocking Double Pulley Technique.

David P Richards¹, Vincent K Melemai¹

¹Department of Orthopaedics West Virginia University Charles Town West Virginia U.S.A.

Arthroscopy Techniques

|July 1, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Subscapularis tears cause shoulder pain and dysfunction. This study details an arthroscopic double-row repair technique using an interlocking double pulley for improved subscapularis tendon compression and better shoulder function.

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Knotless Independent Double-Row Repair and Biceps Augmentation for Anterosuperior Rotator Cuff Tears

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The Modified Single-working Portal Technique Using Lasso-loop Stitch with Needle for Arthroscopic Subscapularis Repair

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Published on: August 8, 2025

Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Sports Medicine
Anatomy

Background:

Subscapularis tears are a frequent cause of shoulder pain and dysfunction.
These tears often occur independently or with other rotator cuff injuries.
Repair is crucial due to the subscapularis's vital role in shoulder mechanics.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline a surgical technique for subscapularis tendon repair.
To improve postoperative shoulder function through enhanced tendon healing.
To provide a method for achieving broad compression of the subscapularis tendon onto its footprint.

Main Methods:

Description of an arthroscopic subscapularis double-row repair technique.
Utilization of an interlocking double pulley system.
Focus on achieving comprehensive compression of the tendon to the anatomical footprint.

Main Results:

The described technique facilitates broad compression of the subscapularis tendon.
This method aims to enhance healing and restore shoulder function.
The interlocking double pulley system is key to achieving optimal tendon apposition.

Conclusions:

Understanding subscapularis anatomy, pathology, and reconstruction is essential for good outcomes.
The described arthroscopic double-row repair with an interlocking double pulley offers a viable technique.
This method promotes superior compression, potentially leading to improved patient function after subscapularis tear repair.