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Self-management in Korean immigrants with type 2 diabetes in the United States: a systematic review
Jung Eun Kim1, Sun Ok Jung2, Soyoun Park3
1Mennonite College of Nursing, Illinois State University, Campus Box 5810, Normal, IL 61790 United States of America.
Objective:
Korean immigrants in the U.S. face cultural and language barriers, increasing their diabetes risk and hindering management. This study aims to review previous research and explore factors influencing type 2 diabetes self-management among Korean immigrants in the United States.
Method:
A systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The literature was reviewed in October 2024, using five databases: PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library. The following keywords were used in the search strategy: American Korean, Korean immigrants, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, insulin resistance, self-care, self-management, health behavior, and disease management. The search was limited to studies involving human participants, adults, and English-language publications.
Results:
14 studies were selected and reviewed. Five key themes were identified: Challenges in following a diabetes diet and change of lifestyle, language barriers and health literacy, social support and family influence, culturally tailored interventions, and psychological issues in diabetes self-management.
Conclusion:
This systematic review indicates that Korean immigrants have culturally unique barriers and risk factors that hinder effective diabetes self-management. Further research should guide the design of culturally tailored interventions and educational programs to reduce the health disparities and inequalities in the ethnic minority population.
Supplementary Information:
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-026-01966-9.
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