Solar radiation and surface temperature datasets across urban surface materials of Jakarta megacity

Surface characteristics play a crucial role in surface temperature dynamics and the urban heat island phenomenon, yet field-based dataset relates to them is still limited, particularly in tropical urban environments. This article describes data of solar radiation (incoming and outgoing) and surface temperature from various urban materials. We collected data at 5-minute intervals for 30-120 min from fifteen urban surface types of Jakarta Megacity, Indonesia to represent their different reflective and thermal responses. An experimental data describing surface albedo in the field is presented as well. The dataset demonstrates the different variations in radiation reflection for each material, which has implications for the potential heat storage. This data can be used for surface thermal response analysis, evaluation of urban heat island mitigation strategies, development of high-albedo materials, and urban microclimate modelling in megacity. Further, the dataset provides an empirical basis for further studies on sustainable urban design and adaptive surface material planning to high radiation conditions.