Digital pathology in urology: the new frontier?

Systems of digital pathology are used to enhance diagnostic consistency and reduce workload. They cannot replace pathologists but can serve as tireless and intelligent assistants. Artificial intelligence (AI) excels at high-volume and repetitive tasks, freeing pathologists to focus on complex cases and final diagnostic decisions. The other advantages of digitization include reducing interobserver variability, use as second reader tools and for triage negative biopsies. Digital images can be used for remote consultation, external quality assessment, and education. Despite these favorable results, it must be kept in mind that AI is merely a tool to assist in pathological diagnosis and treatment that cannot replace human expertise. Ethical and legal implications must be considered in order to establish legal frameworks and ensure transparency and ethical use of AI-based tools.