Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism01:27

Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism

Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...
Antiprotozoal Agents01:21

Antiprotozoal Agents

Leishmaniasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by several Leishmania species. It affects millions of people each year and remains a major public health problem in endemic regions. First-line treatment relies on pentavalent antimonials, including meglumine antimoniate and sodium stibogluconate. Even so, how these drugs work has not been fully clear, especially their interaction with parasite-specific biochemical pathways. One key target is trypanothione reductase (TR), an enzyme that...
Trichomoniasis01:18

Trichomoniasis

Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan parasite and the causative agent of trichomoniasis, one of the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted infections in the United States. This extracellular parasite primarily colonizes the lower genitourinary tract in women—particularly the vagina—and in men, the urethra and prostate. Its structural and functional adaptations enable its survival, motility, and pathogenicity within the host environment.Structural Features and Host EntryT.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Overview and Classification01:16

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Overview and Classification

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is a clinical practice that measures specific drug levels in a patient's blood at designated intervals to ensure the drug concentration stays within a therapeutic range. This monitoring is crucial for optimizing individual dosage regimens, enhancing therapeutic efficacy, and minimizing drug-related toxicity. TDM is vital for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows, significant variability in pharmacokinetics, and a clear correlation between plasma levels and...
Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Clinical Outcomes of 1.5-Stage Arthroplasty for Native Joint Septic Arthritis of the Hip and Knee: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Arthroplasty today·2026
Same author

Determinants of secondary prophylaxis for childhood rheumatic heart disease in Ethiopia: A qualitative study of children and caregivers.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Stakeholders Want a Menu of Choices: Findings from a Consultation Workshop on Improving Access to Secondary Prophylaxis of Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease.

Global heart·2026
Same author

Pharmacokinetics of a three-dose regimen of intramuscular benzathine penicillin G in pregnant women with syphilis.

The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy·2026
Same author

Malaria in Papua New Guinean infants: a prespecified analysis of a randomised postpartum antimalarial treatment trial.

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·2026
Same author

Practice variation, outcomes and definitions of suppressive antimicrobial therapy for prosthetic joint infections: a systematic review and expert consensus statement.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·2026
Same journal

Sexual Behaviors of Dating Apps Users: A Descriptive Study in French Population.

Sexually transmitted diseases·2026
Same journal

Unknown Duration or Late Syphilis Cases with High Titers - North Carolina, 2015 & 2023.

Sexually transmitted diseases·2026
Same journal

A New Era in Treponema pallidum Cultivation: Current Advances and Future Directions.

Sexually transmitted diseases·2026
Same journal

Advancements in Syphilis Vaccine Development.

Sexually transmitted diseases·2026
Same journal

Potential Strategies for Participation and Community Engagement in Syphilis Clinical Research.

Sexually transmitted diseases·2026
Same journal

Evaluation of Partner Notification Strategies to Improve Syphilis Management in Pregnancy in Blantyre, Malawi: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Sexually transmitted diseases·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Procedures for In Vitro Cultivation of Treponema pallidum, the Syphilis Spirochete
09:45

Procedures for In Vitro Cultivation of Treponema pallidum, the Syphilis Spirochete

Published on: January 24, 2025

Key Considerations in Evaluating Syphilis Therapeutics.

Lisa Frigati1,2, Laurens Manning3,4,5, Michael Marks6,7,8

  • 1From the Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital.

Sexually Transmitted Diseases
|July 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New syphilis treatments are needed due to penicillin supply issues and suitability for pregnant women and infants. Research is advancing with new models and trials, but challenges remain in diagnostics and drug delivery.

More Related Videos

Antimicrobial Synergy Testing by the Inkjet Printer-assisted Automated Checkerboard Array and the Manual Time-kill Method
12:03

Antimicrobial Synergy Testing by the Inkjet Printer-assisted Automated Checkerboard Array and the Manual Time-kill Method

Published on: April 18, 2019

Assays for the Identification of Novel Antivirals against Bluetongue Virus
12:02

Assays for the Identification of Novel Antivirals against Bluetongue Virus

Published on: October 11, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Procedures for In Vitro Cultivation of Treponema pallidum, the Syphilis Spirochete
09:45

Procedures for In Vitro Cultivation of Treponema pallidum, the Syphilis Spirochete

Published on: January 24, 2025

Antimicrobial Synergy Testing by the Inkjet Printer-assisted Automated Checkerboard Array and the Manual Time-kill Method
12:03

Antimicrobial Synergy Testing by the Inkjet Printer-assisted Automated Checkerboard Array and the Manual Time-kill Method

Published on: April 18, 2019

Assays for the Identification of Novel Antivirals against Bluetongue Virus
12:02

Assays for the Identification of Novel Antivirals against Bluetongue Virus

Published on: October 11, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Penicillin has been the primary syphilis treatment for over 70 years.
  • Challenges include benzathine-benzylpenicillin G (BPG) supply shortages and the need for safer alternatives for pregnant women and infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of syphilis treatment research.
  • To identify challenges and future directions for developing novel syphilis therapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of traditional rabbit models and emergence of in vitro culture models for antibiotic assessment.
  • Analysis of ongoing and planned Phase 2 and Phase 3 clinical trials for new syphilis drugs.

Main Results:

  • New culture models enable comprehensive assessment of alternative antibiotics.
  • Several novel therapeutics are in clinical development, with trials underway.

Conclusions:

  • Despite progress, syphilis treatment development faces hurdles including indirect diagnostics, achieving adequate central nervous system concentrations, and suitability for vulnerable populations.
  • Multidisciplinary research is crucial to overcome these challenges and advance syphilis therapeutic options.