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Understanding Risk and Protective Factors of Intimate Partner Violence: A Public Health and Social Advocacy Approach
Mangai Natarajan1, Yasemin Irvin-Erickson2, Brittany Suh3
1John Jay College of Criminal Justice, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
Summary
The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated intimate partner violence (IPV) risk factors and introduced new ones. Victim service providers developed 35 proactive measures to mitigate IPV during emergencies and beyond.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology
- Criminology
Background:
- Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a pervasive social issue with wide-ranging consequences.
- The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated research into its impact on IPV risk and outcomes.
- A holistic, interdisciplinary approach is crucial for IPV prevention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on IPV risk and protective factors.
- To identify community-level solutions for mitigating IPV during public health emergencies.
- To gather primary data from victim service providers (VSPs) across the US and its territories.
Main Methods:
- Mixed-methods rapid assessment design.
- Data collection through interviews, focus group discussions (n=102), and surveys (n=324).
- Purposive sampling of VSPs from all US states, Washington D.C., and five inhabited territories.
Main Results:
- Increased prevalence of existing IPV risk factors and emergence of new ones at multiple levels.
- Identification of 35 proactive protection measures developed by VSPs during the pandemic.
- Validation of convergence of risk factors during crises like pandemics, political instability, and natural disasters.
Conclusions:
- Survivor-centered, community-level solutions are effective for IPV prevention in emergencies.
- Pandemics and other crises significantly exacerbate IPV risk factors.
- Enhanced prevention efforts are critical, especially during public health emergencies.
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