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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Field Due to Two Straight Wires01:18

Magnetic Field Due to Two Straight Wires

Consider two parallel straight wires carrying a current of 10 A and 20 A in the same direction and separated by a distance of 20 cm. Calculate the magnetic field at a point "P2", midway between the wires. Also, evaluate the magnetic field when the direction of the current is reversed in the second wire.
Magnetic Field Due To A Thin Straight Wire01:27

Magnetic Field Due To A Thin Straight Wire

Consider an infinitely long straight wire carrying a current I. The magnetic field at point P at a distance a from the origin can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.
Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop01:16

Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop

Consider a circular loop with a radius a, that carries a current I. The magnetic field due to the current at an arbitrary point P along the axis of the loop can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.
Magnetic Force On Current-Carrying Wires: Example01:22

Magnetic Force On Current-Carrying Wires: Example

In a magnetic field, moving charges encounter a force. If a wire contains these moving charges, i.e., if the wire is carrying a current, then a force acts on the wire as well. Consider a pair of flexible leads holding a wire that is 40 cm long and 10 g in weight in a horizontal position. The wire is placed in a constant magnetic field of 0.40 T, as shown in Figure 1(a). Determine the magnitude and direction of the current flowing in the wire needed to remove the tension in the supporting leads.
Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges01:23

Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges

A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
Consider a point charge moving with a constant velocity. Like the electric field, the magnetic field at any point is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the source point and the field point. However, unlike the electric field, the magnetic field is always perpendicular to the plane containing the line...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Frequency Mixing Magnetic Detection Scanner for Imaging Magnetic Particles in Planar Samples
07:01

Frequency Mixing Magnetic Detection Scanner for Imaging Magnetic Particles in Planar Samples

Published on: June 9, 2016

A tunable high-gradient magnetic separation system based on an ordered wire-array column.

Yaolong Zhang1, Linyuan Wu2, Yuxin Zhang1

  • 1Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.

Mikrochimica Acta
|July 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a tunable high-gradient magnetic separation system for bioanalysis. This system improves the capture and enrichment of magnetic targets, enhancing sensitivity and reproducibility in sample preparation.

Keywords:
High-gradient magnetic separationMagnetic cell enrichmentOrdered wire-array columnTunable magnetic separation

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Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Biomagnetic separation
  • Microfluidics
  • Analytical chemistry

Background:

  • Upstream sample preparation challenges sensitivity and reproducibility in bioanalysis, especially for rare or weakly magnetic targets.
  • Existing magnetic separation methods often lack tunability and quantitative interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a tunable high-gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) system using an ordered iron-nickel (Fe-Ni) wire-array column.
  • To demonstrate the system's ability to generate stable, quantifiable local high-gradient magnetic fields.
  • To systematically regulate and interpret separation conditions using the Mason number (Mn).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an ordered Fe-Ni wire-array column to create tunable high-gradient magnetic regions.
  • Independently adjusted magnetic flux density (B) and volumetric flow rate (Q).
  • Employed magnetically homogeneous methemoglobin-red blood cells (metHb-RBCs) and heterogeneous superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION)-labeled RAW264.7 macrophages as model systems.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated tunable capture and enrichment of magnetic targets under varying magnetic field and flow rate conditions.
  • Validated the use of the Mason number (Mn) as a force-flow descriptor for homogeneous magnetic cells (metHb-RBCs).
  • Showed preferential enrichment of higher-moment cells and consistent enrichment trends for heterogeneous magnetic cells (SPION-labeled macrophages) under matched apparent Mn conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The ordered wire-array column provides a geometry-defined and quantitatively interpretable HGMS microenvironment for magnetic cell enrichment.
  • The tunable system enhances sensitivity and reproducibility in bioanalysis sample preparation.
  • The platform offers potential for future studies on diverse magnetic targets.