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Efficient Purification and LC-MS/MS-based Assay Development for Ten-Eleven Translocation-2 5-Methylcytosine Dioxygenase
Published on: October 15, 2018
A molecular timescale for evolution of cobamide biosynthesis
Jichen Wang1, Chao Ai1, James M Tiedje2
1State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
Summary
Cobamide biosynthesis genes and producers emerged early, with anaerobic pathways predating aerobic ones and the Great Oxidation Event. This timeline reshapes our understanding of early life and ecosystems.
Area of Science:
- Biogeochemistry
- Evolutionary Biology
- Microbial Ecology
Background:
- Cobamides are vital nutrients for most life forms.
- Biosynthesis is limited to specific taxa via aerobic and anaerobic pathways.
- Evolutionary history of cobamide biosynthesis and producers remains largely unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish a timeline for the emergence of cobamide biosynthesis genes and producers.
- To investigate the evolutionary origins of cobamide biosynthesis.
- To understand the impact of cobamide evolution on early life and ecosystems.
Main Methods:
- Bayesian molecular clock analyses.
- Phylogenetic reconciliation.
- Comparative genomics and evolutionary modeling.
Main Results:
- Tetrapyrrole precursor and corrin ring producers emerged before the oldest cobamide producer.
- Anaerobic cobamide producers (e.g., *Pelobacter*) and corrin ring producers appeared around 2458 Mya.
- Aerobic cobamide producers (e.g., *Kribbella*) emerged after the Great Oxidation Event, around 1784 Mya.
Conclusions:
- Cobamide biosynthesis has a deep evolutionary history, influencing early ecosystems.
- The emergence of cobamide biosynthesis predates its de novo producers, suggesting earlier cobamide-like compounds.
- This chronological framework aids in exploring microbial cross-feeding and organismal diversity origins.
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