Toward autonomous robotic-assisted and microrobotic surgery

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Technology
• Surgical Robotics
• Minimally Invasive Surgery

Background:

• Robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) is a growing field in biomedical technology.
• Miniaturization of RAS toward microrobotic-assisted surgery (μ-RAS) offers enhanced capabilities.
• μ-RAS aims for minimally invasive, automated procedures with reduced recovery times and costs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight advances in RAS applicable to the microscale (μ-RAS).
• To examine clinical demands and technological progress in surgical robotics.
• To identify key innovations needed for autonomous RAS and μ-RAS integration.

Main Methods:

• Perspective piece combining surgical and bioengineering expert insights.
• Analysis of RAS advancements mapped to microscale applications.
• Categorization of μ-RAS potential across five surgical domains: endovascular, endoluminal, laparoscopic, ophthalmic, and orthopedic.

Main Results:

• Specific advances in RAS relevant to μ-RAS were identified.
• Clinical demands and technological progress were assessed.
• Key innovations required for μ-RAS advancement were outlined.

Conclusions:

• Autonomous RAS and μ-RAS integration into mainstream surgery requires further innovation.
• A roadmap combining clinical and engineering perspectives is proposed.
• μ-RAS holds significant potential for improving surgical outcomes and accessibility.