Implementation of eConsults in the Brazilian Unified Health System: proposal of an evaluative model

eConsult is considered a strategic digital health tool for expanding access to specialized care and improving Primary Health Care. This article aims to present an analytical model for assessing the implementation of eConsults in municipalities of Santa Catarina, Brazil. This is a methodological study, without the empirical application of the model. The model was developed based on Implementation Science theoretical-methodological frameworks: i-PARIHS (Integrated-Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services), ORCA (Organizational Readiness to Change Assessment), and RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance). The proposed implementation analysis model is structured into three main dimensions (Intervention/Innovation, Implementation, and Maintenance), ten analytical subdimensions, and 41 indicators. It is considered a tool for understanding the multiple factors that influence the adoption, effectiveness, and sustainability of teleconsultations within Brazil's Unified Health System at the municipal level. The model represents a methodological advancement by integrating different theoretical frameworks, allowing for an in-depth understanding of the complexity involved in implementing digital health innovations.