Using Coincidence Analysis to Understand Implementation of a Play-Promotion Program Through a National Learning...

Area of Science:

• Implementation Science
• Pediatric Primary Care
• Childhood Development

Background:

• Prescription for Play (P4P) is a program designed to enhance early childhood play through caregiver education.
• The P4P Learning Collaborative (LC) was established to facilitate P4P implementation via expert education and coaching.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify the essential conditions for achieving implementation fidelity within the P4P Learning Collaborative.
• To utilize coincidence analysis (CNA) for identifying necessary and sufficient conditions for program implementation.

Main Methods:

• Twenty teams participated in a 6-month P4P Learning Collaborative.
• Coincidence analysis (CNA) was employed to link organizational characteristics and engagement factors to implementation fidelity.
• Data included team roles (site coordinator, provider champion), practice size, and attendance at learning sessions and coaching calls.

Main Results:

• Two pathways to achieving implementation fidelity were identified: high learning session attendance combined with either a provider champion in an administrative role or operation within a medium-to-large pediatric practice.
• Low learning session attendance was found to be a sufficient condition for not meeting fidelity criteria.

Conclusions:

• Sustained engagement in learning collaboratives and specific enabling factors are crucial for the successful implementation of play-promotion programs.
• Coincidence analysis (CNA) proves effective in pinpointing implementation pathways within pediatric primary care settings.