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Modeling Ascending Vaginal Infection, Preterm Birth, and Neonatal Morbidity in Mice
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Published on: October 10, 2025

Maternal Syphilis, Preventable Stillbirth, and Treatment Protection: A Global Systematic Meta-Analysis.

Daniel Mugabi1, Hakizimana Theoneste1, Prosper Akankwasa1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka Bushenyi, Uganda.

International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
|July 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Maternal syphilis significantly increases stillbirth risk globally. Adequate treatment, not just geography, is key to prevention, highlighting the need for early diagnosis and prompt care to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Keywords:
Congenital syphilisMaternal syphilisMeta-analysisStillbirthSystematic review, Treponema pallidum

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Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

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Published on: January 12, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Global Health

Background:

  • Maternal syphilis is a major contributor to adverse pregnancy outcomes, particularly stillbirth.
  • Estimating the global burden of stillbirth due to maternal syphilis is crucial for public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the global prevalence of stillbirth in pregnancies affected by syphilis.
  • To identify factors associated with stillbirth in these pregnancies.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review and meta-analysis of eleven studies was conducted.
  • Data were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis, with subgroup analyses for geographic region and treatment adequacy.
  • Risk of bias was assessed to ensure study quality.

Main Results:

  • The pooled prevalence of stillbirth among pregnancies with maternal syphilis was 5.02%, with significant heterogeneity.
  • Stillbirth rates were higher in Sub-Saharan Africa (10.93%) compared to Asia (1.57%).
  • Adequate treatment coverage was associated with significantly lower stillbirth prevalence (2.81%) compared to low/absent coverage (11.69%).

Conclusions:

  • Maternal syphilis is a preventable cause of stillbirth, with treatment adequacy being the most critical factor.
  • Early diagnosis and timely, appropriate treatment are essential for reducing stillbirth rates.
  • Strengthening antenatal screening and ensuring prompt treatment are vital for eliminating congenital syphilis-related mortality.