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Enhanced antithrombogenic performance of microfluidic oxygenators through dual bioactive surface modification for an

Siyuan Li1, Anand Sojan2, Scarlett Wang3

  • 1School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

Acta Biomaterialia
|July 1, 2026
PubMed

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Summary

This study developed a dual surface modification for artificial placenta systems using antithrombin-heparin and tissue plasminogen activator. The enhanced coating improves anticoagulant properties without affecting gas exchange, promising safer treatments for infant respiratory distress syndrome.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Medical Device Engineering
  • Neonatal Medicine

Background:

  • Artificial placenta systems are crucial for infant respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).
  • Current systems require systemic anticoagulation, increasing hemorrhage risk in premature infants.
  • Novel surface modifications are needed to eliminate systemic anticoagulants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a dual bioactive surface modification for polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic oxygenators.
  • To assess the anticoagulant properties and gas exchange capacity of the modified artificial placenta system.
  • To reduce the risk of intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants treated with artificial placenta systems.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a dual-modification method using antithrombin-heparin complex (ATH) and tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) linked via polydopamine (PDA) onto PDMS.
Keywords:
Antithrombin-heparin complexAntithrombogenicityArtificial placentaFibrinolysisSurface modification

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  • Applied the modification to a PDMS microfluidic oxygenator system.
  • Evaluated surface modification uniformity, biomolecule stability, anticoagulant activity, and gas exchange capacity.

    • Main Results:

    • Successful and uniform dual bioactive modification of the PDMS microfluidic oxygenator was confirmed using SEM and radiolabeling.
    • The dual-modified oxygenator exhibited significantly enhanced anticoagulant properties in human plasma and whole blood.
    • Surface modification did not impede the oxygenator's gas exchange capacity.

    Conclusions:

    • The dual bioactive surface modification using ATH and t-PA via PDA is effective for PDMS artificial placenta systems.
    • This approach enhances antithrombotic activity through synergistic effects, potentially reducing the need for systemic anticoagulation.
    • The modified microfluidic oxygenator shows promise for clinical application in treating neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.