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Long non-coding RNAs in triple-negative breast cancer: emerging drivers of tumor biology, prognosis, and drug

Franciska Piccolo1, Giacomo Bagni2, Annarosa Arcangeli3

  • 1Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
|July 1, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucial in regulating triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) aggressiveness and treatment resistance. Understanding lncRNA functions offers new diagnostic and therapeutic avenues for this challenging cancer subtype.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype lacking standard therapeutic targets.
  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their regulatory roles in cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the functional mechanisms of lncRNAs in TNBC pathogenesis.
  • To highlight lncRNAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for TNBC.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing current knowledge on lncRNAs in TNBC.
  • Analysis of lncRNA involvement in key cancer processes like EMT, immune modulation, and metabolism.

Main Results:

  • lncRNAs play significant roles in TNBC progression, influencing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), immune evasion, and metabolic reprogramming.
  • Specific lncRNAs are implicated in TNBC development and can serve as diagnostic/prognostic markers.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNA-based strategies hold promise for improving TNBC diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
  • Further research into lncRNA-oncogene interactions is essential for advancing TNBC management.
Keywords:
Cancer biomarkersGene regulationLong non-coding RNA (lncRNA)Therapeutic targetsTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)

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