Engineering bio-selectivity: Novel denture coatings for targeted inhibition of denture-associated pathogens

The increasing prevalence of denture use, particularly among the elderly population, necessitates effective strategies against Candida-containing polymicrobial biofilms. This study investigated novel temporary (biocompatible hydrogel) and permanent (sealant) denture coatings designed to selectively inhibit associated pathogens. Seven biomaterials were screened using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays against Candida albicans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Streptococcus mutans. Coatings were applied to acrylic surfaces and evaluated for physicochemical properties and antimicrobial efficacy using biofilm models and colony-forming unit (CFU) counting. Results demonstrated that poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate / titanium dioxide (PEGDA/TiO₂) and Sealant/TiO₂ formulations exhibited significant, selective antimicrobial activity. This efficacy is attributed to altered surface hydrophilicity and the specific mechanisms of incorporated agents. These findings underscore the potential of biocompatible, bio-selective coatings in preventing denture-associated infections. Additional research involving a broader spectrum of oral microbes is required to further validate these preventive applications.