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Comprehensive metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis to explore variations in components of Alpinia oxyphylla from
Xiaoxia Yan1,2,3,4, Zhunian Wang5,6,7,8, Qinglong Wang5,6,7,8
1Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine (Haikou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, 571101, China. nyzy0898@163.com.
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Alpinia oxyphylla Miq, commonly known as Yi Zhi Zi in China, has been utilized for treating a range of illnesses. The differential metabolites and DEGs contributing to regional variations in medicinal values remain unidentified. This study explored metabolomic and transcriptomic differences among four A. oxyphylla plants from different locations. In total, 1874 metabolites were analyzed in the YZ1 vs. YZ2 comparison, 2492 in the YZ1 vs. YZ3 comparison, and 2452 in the YZ1 vs. YZ4 comparison. Additionally, 2143 metabolites were examined in the YZ2 vs. YZ3 comparison, 2180 in the YZ2 vs. YZ4 comparison, and 2637 in the YZ3 vs. YZ4 comparison. In the present study, prunetin was more abundant in Hainan-Danzhou than in Hainan-Qiongzhong and was highly accumulated in Hainan-Baisha compared with Hainan-Qiongzhong. Isorhamnetin 3-(6''-malonylglucoside) and Isorhamnetin were more abundant in Hainan-Wuzhishan than in Hainan-Baisha. Isorhamnetin was highly accumulated in Hainan-Wuzhishan compared with Hainan-Qiongzhong. Prunetin, Isorhamnetin 3-(6''-malonylglucoside) and Isorhamnetin belong to the category of flavonoid. Ophiobolin A was more abundant in the A. oxyphylla fruits from Hainan-Qiongzhong than Hainan-Danzhou and was highly accumulated in Hainan-Baisha compared with Hainan-Danzhou. Soyasapogenol B was highly accumulated in Hainan-Baisha compared with Hainan- Qiongzhong. Paeoniflorin was more abundant in the A. oxyphylla fruits from Hainan-Qiongzhong than Hainan-Wuzhishan. Nomilin was more abundant in the A. oxyphylla fruits from Hainan- Baisha than Hainan-Wuzhishan. The DEGs of chalcone synthase (CHS: Cluster-79122.1) was highly expressed in YZ3 and YZ4. The DEGs of chalcone isomerase (CHI: Cluster-28615.25) was highly expressed in YZ3. The DEGs of flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H: Cluster-78576.0 and Cluster-78576.1) were highly expressed in YZ2. The expression levels of TPS (Cluster-92493.1) were significantly increased in YZ2 and YZ4 samples compared to YZ1 and YZ3. We speculated that the flavonoids and terpenoids may play crucial roles in the different medicinal values in the A. oxyphylla fruits from four regions. These findings elucidate the metabolomic and transcriptomic characteristics of A. oxyphylla across various regions, offering a foundation for the pharmaceutical potential of new A. oxyphylla species.
