Development and validation of the SMART-BPPV: a multimedia learning module for BPPV education

Area of Science:

• Medical Education
• Vestibular Disorders
• Otorhinolaryngology

Background:

• Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a common vestibular disorder, yet its diagnosis and management present challenges for medical trainees.
• Current teaching methods for BPPV are often inconsistent and lack standardization, hindering effective skill acquisition.
• There is a need for systematically developed and validated multimedia learning resources in vestibular education.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and validate the content and face validity of the SMART-BPPV multimedia learning tool.
• To create a standardized educational resource for introductory BPPV training.

Main Methods:

• A methodological study utilized the ADDIE instructional design framework.
• Content validity was assessed by seven otorhinolaryngology and audiology experts using a 4-point scale, calculating I-CVI and S-CVI/Ave.
• Face validity was evaluated by 30 medical officers on clarity, usability, and relevance.

Main Results:

• The SMART-BPPV module achieved excellent content validity (S-CVI/Ave = 0.987) and face validity (S-FVI/Ave = 0.999).
• High interrater agreement (Gwet's AC1 = 0.976) and strong item-level validity (I-CVI = 0.857-1.000, I-FVI = 0.967-1.000) were observed.
• Qualitative feedback indicated clarity, logical organization, and effective visual design, with minor improvements implemented.

Conclusions:

• The SMART-BPPV multimedia tool demonstrates excellent content and face validity, confirming its suitability for introductory BPPV education.
• The tool provides a structured and validated approach to learning BPPV diagnosis and management.
• Future research should focus on evaluating the tool's impact on trainee knowledge acquisition and procedural performance.